French Realist/Impressionist Painter and Sculptor, 1834-1917 French painter, draughtsman, printmaker, sculptor, pastellist, photographer and collector. He was a founder-member of the Impressionist group and the leader within it of the Realist tendency. He organized several of the group exhibitions, but after 1886 he showed his works very rarely and largely withdrew from the Parisian art world. As he was sufficiently wealthy, he was not constricted by the need to sell his work, and even his late pieces retain a vigour and a power to shock that is lacking in the contemporary productions of his Impressionist colleagues.  Related Paintings of Edgar Degas :. | After The Bath | Tub | After the bath | Edmondo and Therese Morbilli | Diego Martelli |
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Bernaert de Ryckere
Bernaert de Rijckere (c1535, Kortrijk - 1590, Antwerp), was a Flemish Renaissance painter. According to Karel van Mander he was born in Kortrijk and was admired there for an altarpiece depicting Christ bearing the cross, which he made for the St. Marten's church of the brothers of the Cross there. He later took on a different style that Karel van Mander had heard of but had not seen to be able to judge it for himself. He said he moved to Antwerp and joined the Guild of St. Luke there in 1561. According to the Netherlands Institute for Art History he was the teacher of his son, the painter Abraham de Rijcke, and is known for landscapes and historical allegories.
Louis-Francois, Baron Lejeune
(3 February 1775, Strasbourg - 29 February 1848) was a French general, painter, and lithographer. His memoirs have frequently been republished and his name is engraved on the Arc de Triomphe. He studied painting in the studio of Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes, alongside Jean-Victor Bertin, but left the studio to volunteer in the Compagnie des arts de Paris in 1792. He received his baptism of fire in the battle of Valmy later that year. He became a sergeant in the 1st Arsenal battalion and in 1793 moved to the artillery at La Fere, assisting in the sieges of Landrecies, Le Quesnoy and Valenciennes. At Valenciennes he became aide-de-camp to general Jacob then, as a lieutenant on attachment to the engineers, took part in the 1794 Holland campaign and the 1795 campaign. Called to the depot in 1798, he succeeded brilliantly in his exams and was made a captain on attachment to the engineers. He became aide-de-camp to marshal Berthier in 1800, a post he retained until 1812 and in which he took an active part in practically all of the Napoleonic campaigns. He was wounded and captured in Spain. He was promoted to full captain after Marengo and chef de bataillon after Austerlitz, also become a knight of the Legion d'honneur and a colonel at the Siege of Saragossa. The German campaign of 1806 brought him to Munich, where he visited the workshop of Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography. Lejeune was fascinated by the possibilities of the new method and whilst there he made the drawing on stone of his famous Cossack (printed by C. and ~f. Senefelder, 1806). Whilst he was taking his dinner, and with his horses harnessed and waiting to take him back to Paris, one hundred proofs were printed, one of which he subsequently submitted to Napoleon. The introduction of lithography into France was greatly due to the efforts of Lejeune. In 1812, during the French invasion of Russia, he was made general de brigade and chief of staff to Davout. Frostbitten on the face, Lejeune left his post during the retreat from Russia and was arrested on the orders of Napoleon. Freed in March 1813, Lejeune was then sent to the Illyrian provinces, before rejoining the army under the orders of marshal Oudinot, becoming his chief of staff. During the Saxony campaign, Lejeune was present at the Battle of Lutzen (1813), the crossing of the River Spree and at Bautzen. He was made an officer of the Legion d'honneur and a commander of the Order of Maximilian of Bavaria. At the battle of Hoyersverda, when Below's corps wiped out the 12th corps formed up in square on the plain, Lejeune (at risk of being kidnapped) ventured into the enemy lines with one battalion, general Wolf's cavalry and six 12 pounder guns. He thus broke the whole of the Prussian artillery and saved marshal Oudinot and his army. Wounded several times and lastly at Hanau, he was authorised to leave the army in November 1813 after more than 20 years' service. After his departure from the army, he devoted himself to painting.
Wilhelm von Kaulbach
German Painter, ca.1804-1874,Painter and illustrator. After initial instruction from his father, Kaulbach received his principal education, from 1822 to 1826, at the Kunstakademie, Desseldorf, under Peter Cornelius. Six months after Ludwig I, King of Bavaria, had summoned Cornelius to Munich, Kaulbach followed his tutor to the Bavarian capital, where he worked on various collaborative ventures with other pupils of Cornelius, and completed his practical training on such projects as the decoration of the Odeon (destr.) in 1826, and of the Hofgartenarkaden, from 1826 to 1829 (now painted over). More independent work followed with 16 frescoes on the theme of Cupid and Psyche for the Festsaal of the Herzog-Max-Palais (1829-35; now Munich, Neue Pin.),